Moteri

Ubuzima bw'umurimo

Ubuzima bwa moteri bukozwe no kwangirika kwizuba cyangwa gukoresha ibice byanyerera, kwangirika kwifata, nibindi

Imbonerahamwe yubuzima - Ubushyuhe bwimiturire

ibintu bitandukanye, nko kudakora neza, ahanini biterwa nuburyo bwo kubyara.Ubuzima bwo kubyara bwasobanuwe hepfo, hariho ubwoko bubiri bwubuzima bwumubiri nubuzima bwamavuta.

Ubuzima bwo kubyara

1, amavuta kubera kwangirika kwubushyuhe bwubuzima bwamavuta

2, umunaniro wo gukora uterwa nubuzima bwubukanishi

Mu bihe byinshi, ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka kubuzima bwamavuta kuruta uburemere bwumutwaro wongeyeho.Kubwibyo, ubuzima bwamavuta bugereranywa nubuzima bwa moteri, ingaruka nini mubuzima bwamavuta ni ubushyuhe, ubushyuhe bwagize ingaruka cyane kubuzima.

 

Uburyo bwo gutangira

Uburyo bwo gutangiza moteri burimo: igitutu cyuzuye gutangira, kwishyira hamwe-gutangira gutangira, y-δ gutangira, byoroshye gutangira, inverter.

Umuvuduko wuzuye utangira:

Mugihe ubushobozi nuburemere bwa gride byemerera igitutu cyuzuye gutangira neza, birashobora gufatwa nkugukoresha voltage yuzuye itangira.Ibyiza biroroshye kugenzura, byoroshye kubungabunga, kandi byubukungu.Ahanini ikoreshwa mugutangira moteri ntoya-mbaraga, duhereye kubibungabunga ingufu, moteri irenze 11kW ntigomba gukoresha ubu buryo.

Kwishyira hamwe Kwiyitirira Gutangira:

Gukoresha kanda-kanda ya decompression yo kwishyira hamwe kwihinduranya ntishobora guhaza gusa ibikenewe byimitwaro itandukanye itangira, ariko kandi ikanabona itara ryinshi ryo gutangira, rikoreshwa kenshi mugutangiza ubushobozi bunini bwa moteri ya decompression yo gutangira.Akarusho gakomeye ni uko itara ritangirira ari rinini, rishobora kugera kuri 64% mugitangira bitaziguye iyo igikanda cyacyo kiri kuri 80%.Itara ryo gutangira rishobora kandi guhindurwa na kanda.Iracyakoreshwa henshi.

y-δ Tangira:

Kubikorwa bisanzwe bya stalactique ihindagurika kuri moteri ya mpandeshatu ya asinchronous, niba ihindagurika rya stalactique ihujwe ninyenyeri mugitangira, utegereje ko itangira ryarangira hanyuma igahuzwa na mpandeshatu, urashobora kugabanya itangiriro ryubu , kugabanya ingaruka zayo kuri gride y'amashanyarazi.Uburyo bwo gutangira bwitwa inyenyeri ya mpandeshatu decompression itangira, cyangwa gusa inyenyeri ya mpandeshatu itangira (y-δ gutangira).Iyo utangiranye ninyenyeri ya mpandeshatu, itangira ryubu ni 1/3 gusa iyo itangiriro ritaziguye rikorwa na mpandeshatu ihuza.Niba intangiriro yo gutangira muburyo butaziguye yapimwe kuva 6to7ie, itangira ryikubye inshuro 2to2.3 gusa mugihe inyabutatu yinyenyeri yatangiriye.Ibi bivuze ko iyo utangiriye kuri mpandeshatu yinyenyeri, itangira ryumuriro naryo rigabanuka kugeza kuri 1/3of mugihe itangiriro ritaziguye ryatangijwe na mpandeshatu ifatanije.Birakwiye gukoreshwa mugihe nta mutwaro cyangwa umutwaro utangiye.Kandi ugereranije nibindi byose bitangira decompression itangira, imiterere yayo niyo yoroshye kandi ihendutse.Mubyongeyeho, uburyo bwo gutangiza inyenyeri ya mpandeshatu nayo ifite ibyiza byo kwemerera moteri gukora munsi yuburyo bwo guhuza inyenyeri iyo umutwaro woroshye.Kuri ubu, itara ryapimwe rishobora guhuzwa nu mutwaro, rishobora kuzamura imikorere ya moteri, bityo bikabika gukoresha ingufu.

Intangiriro yoroshye:

Ubu ni bwo buryo bwo kwimura icyiciro cyo kugenzura icyiciro cya silicon kugirango ugere kuri moteri ya moteri itangira, cyane cyane ikoreshwa mugutangiza moteri, gutangira ingaruka nibyiza ariko ikiguzi ni kinini.Kubera ikoreshwa ryibintu bya SCR, guhuza guhuza kwa SCR ni binini, bigira ingaruka runaka kuri gride.Mubyongeyeho, ihindagurika mumashanyarazi rishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere yibice bya SCR, cyane cyane niba hari ibikoresho byinshi bya SCR muri gride imwe.Nkigisubizo, igipimo cyo kunanirwa kwibigize SCR kiri hejuru, kubera tekinoroji ya elegitoroniki yingufu zirimo, bityo abatekinisiye babungabunga ni benshi.

Ikinyabiziga:

Inverter nigikoresho cyo kugenzura moteri ifite ibintu byinshi bya tekinike, imikorere yuzuye yo kugenzura hamwe ningaruka nziza yo kugenzura murwego rwo kugenzura ibinyabiziga bigezweho, bihindura umuvuduko numuriro wa moteri uhindura inshuro ya gride yamashanyarazi.Kubera ingufu za elegitoroniki yikoranabuhanga, tekinoroji ya microcomputer, kuburyo buhenze cyane, abatekinisiye babungabunga nabo nibisabwa cyane, kuburyo bukoreshwa cyane mugukenera kwihuta no kugenzura umuvuduko wibice byo hejuru.

Uburyo bwo guhindura umuvuduko

Uburyo bwo kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri ni bwinshi, burashobora guhuza nibisabwa byimashini zitandukanye zitanga umusaruro.Imbaraga zisohoka za moteri yamashanyarazi ihinduka numuvuduko mugihe isanzwe ihinduwe.Duhereye ku gukoresha ingufu, guhindura umuvuduko birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bubiri:

(1) Komeza imbaraga zinjiza zidahindutse.Muguhindura ingufu zikoreshwa mubikoresho bigenzura umuvuduko, imbaraga zisohoka zirahindurwa kugirango uhindure umuvuduko wa moteri.

2 Kugenzura imbaraga zinjira muri moteri kugirango uhindure umuvuduko wa moteri.Moteri, moteri, moteri ya feri, moteri ihindagurika ya moteri, moteri yo kugenzura umuvuduko, moteri yibyiciro bitatu, moteri yumuvuduko mwinshi, moteri yihuta cyane, moteri yihuta ebyiri na moteri idashobora guturika.

 

Ibyiciro byubatswe

Hindura Ijwi

Imiterere shingiro

Imiterere ya aibyiciro bitatu bya moteri idahwitse igizwe na stalects, rotor nibindi bikoresho.

(i) Igitugu (igice gihamye)

1, umutima wicyuma

Igikorwa: Igice cya moteri ya moteri yumuzingi ushyizwemo coyoclies.

Ubwubatsi: Umutima wicyuma wa stator mubusanzwe bikozwe muburebure bwa 0.35 kugeza kuri 0,5 mm hamwe no gukingira ibyuma bya silicon ibyuma bikubita, igitutu cyo guteranya, muruziga rwimbere rwikigo cyicyuma gifite isaranganya rimwe ryibiti, bikoreshwa mukuzunguruka stator.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa synth fer yumutima:

Igice cya kabiri gifunze: Imikorere nimbaraga za moteri ni ndende, ariko imirongo ihindagurika hamwe no kubika biragoye.Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa muri moteri ntoya ya moteri.

Igice cya kabiri gifunguye: Irashobora gushyirwamo imashini ihinduranya, muri rusange ikoreshwa muri moteri nini, ntoya.Ibyo bita molded winding, ni ukuvuga guhinduranya birashobora gukingirwa mbere yo gushyirwa muri ruhago.

Gufungura ahantu: kugirango ushiremo imashini ihinduranya, uburyo bwo kubika ibintu biroroshye, cyane cyane bikoreshwa muri moteri nini cyane.

2, guhindagurika

Imikorere: nigice cyizunguruka cya moteri, mubice bitatu BYINSHI, kugirango bibyare umurima uzunguruka.

Ubwubatsi: Kuri bitatu mumwanya utandukanijwe na dogere 120 zinguni zamashanyarazi, gutondekanya muburyo bwimiterere ni imvururu zisa zihujwe, iyi mpinduramatwara yibiceri bitandukanye ukurikije itegeko runaka ryashyizwe mumashanyarazi.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi byokwirinda bya stator ni ibi bikurikira: (kugirango habeho kwizerwa kwizerwa hagati yimyitwarire yumutima hamwe nicyuma cyumutima wicyuma, hamwe nubwishingizi bwizewe hagati yumuyaga ubwazo).

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Gukoresha insinga mu isanduku ihuza moteri:

Agasanduku ka moteri ya moteri ifite ikibaho cya terefone, ibyiciro bitatu bizunguruka imitwe itandatu hejuru hejuru no kumurongo ibiri, hamwe numurongo wo hejuru wibirundo bitatu bya terefone kuva ibumoso ugana iburyo 1 (U1), 2 (V1), 3 (W1), munsi ya bitatu bya kirundo kuva ibumoso ugana iburyo 6 (W2), 4 (U2).), 5 (V2) guhuza icyiciro cya gatatu cyizunguruka mu nyenyeri cyangwa mpandeshatu zifatanije.Gukora no gusana byose bigomba kuba murutonde.

3, intebe

Imikorere: Shyira umutima wa syringe yumutima hamwe ninyuma yimbere ninyuma kugirango ushyigikire rotor, hanyuma ukine kurinda, gukonjesha nizindi nshingano.

Ubwubatsi: ibishingwe mubisanzwe bikozwe mubice byicyuma, intebe nini ya moteri idahwitse muri rusange igurishwa hamwe nicyuma, intebe ya moteri ikoresheje aluminium.Icyicaro cya moteri ifunze gifite imbavu zo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kugirango zongere ahantu hakonje, kandi impera za moteri ikingira zipfundikirwa n’umuyaga, ku buryo umwuka uri imbere na moteri ushobora guhurizwa mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo ubushyuhe bugabanuke.

(ii) Rotor (igice kizunguruka)

1, ibyiciro bitatu bya moteri idafite moteri rotor umutima wicyuma:

Imikorere: Nkigice cya moteri ya moteri ya moteri no mumashanyarazi yicyuma kugirango ushire rotor.

Ubwubatsi: Ibikoresho byakoreshejwe, nka syringe, birakubitwa kandi bigashyirwa ku rupapuro rwa mm 0,5 z'ubugari bwa silikoni, hanyuma uruziga rwo hanze rw'urupapuro rw'icyuma rwa silikoni rusukwa hamwe n’imyobo yagabanijwe neza kugira ngo rushyire rotor.Mubisanzwe hamwe na systation icyuma umutima wihutiye gusubira inyuma silicon ibyuma urupapuro rwimbere kugirango ukubite umutima wa rotor.Mubisanzwe moteri ntoya ya moteri ya rotor yumutima wumutima ukanda kuri shitingi, moteri nini nini nini ya moteri ya asinchronous (diameter ya rotor ya 300 kugeza 400 mm cyangwa irenga) umutima wicyuma wifashishije inkunga ya rotor ikanda kumutwe.

2, ibyiciro bitatu bya asinchronous moteri rotor ihindagurika

Imikorere: Gukata serumu izunguruka ya magnetique itanga kwinjiza imbaraga zamashanyarazi nubu, hamwe no gushiraho umuriro wa electronique kugirango moteri izunguruka.

Ubwubatsi: Igabanijwemo imbeba ya cage rotor na rotor rotor.

.Niba umutima wa rotor wicyuma ukuweho, imiterere yinyuma yumuyaga wose ni nkakazu k’imbeba, ibyo bita akazu kazunguruka.Moteri ntoya ya cage ikozwe mumashanyarazi ya aluminium rotor kandi irasudira hamwe numuringa wumuringa nimpeta zanyuma zumuringa kuri moteri irenga 100KW.

. umuzenguruko wo hanze unyuze kuri brush.

Ibiranga: Imiterere iraruhije, kubwibyo gukoresha moteri ihindagurika ntabwo ari nini nka moteri yimbeba.Nyamara, unyuze mu mpeta yo guterana no gukaraba muri rotor ya roting yumurongo wumurongo wongeyeho nibindi bice, kugirango utezimbere, feri yo gukora no kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri idafite moteri, kuburyo mubice bimwe bisabwa kugirango ibikoresho bigenzurwe neza, nka crane, lift, compressor de air nibindi hejuru.

(iii) Ibindi bikoresho bya moteri yicyiciro cya gatatu

1, igifuniko cyanyuma: uruhare rwo gushyigikira.

2, ibyuma: guhuza igice kizunguruka nigice cyimuka.

3, gutwara igifuniko cyanyuma: kurinda.

4, umufana: moteri ikonje.[1]

moteri

Icya kabiri, moteri ya DC ukoresheje octagonal yuzuye itondekanya, imirongo ihindagurika, ikwiranye no gukenera tekinoroji yo kugenzura neza kandi ihindagurika.Ukurikije ibyo umukoresha akeneye, birashoboka kandi gukora umugozi uhindagurika.Moteri ifite uburebure buri hagati ya 100to280mm nta ndishyi ihindagurika, ariko moteri ifite uburebure bwa 250mmand280mm irashobora gukorwa hamwe nindishyi zihindagurika ukurikije ibihe byihariye kandi bikenewe, kandi moteri ifite uburebure bwa 315to450mm ifite indishyi zingana.Uburebure bwa santimetero 500to710mm yibikoresho bya moteri nibisabwa tekiniki bihuye nibipimo mpuzamahanga bya IEC, ibipimo bya mehaniki yo kwihanganira moteri bijyanye na ISO mpuzamahanga.

 

Ihame ryo gutondekanya moteri

ingendo

Nta gihinduka

Amashanyarazi

electron

Igishishwa cya syringe gitwarwa na voltage

Moteri ifite moteri ihindura rotor coil kuri cyangwa kuzimya

Zingurura cyangwa uzimye coil ya shinge mugushakisha umwanya wa rotor, cyangwa sensor discret, cyangwa ibitekerezo bivuye kuri coil, cyangwa fungura ibitekerezo bya loop

Imashini ikoresha imashini

Icyuma cya elegitoroniki

gutwara

Itumanaho

icyerekezo kigezweho

icyerekezo kigezweho

rotor

icyuma

Rotor ni ferromagnetic, ntabwo ikoreshwa na magneti burundu, nta coil

Kurwanya Magnetique: hystereze, moteri irwanya moteri

Imashini ihindagurika ya moteri ya moteri / guhinduranya magneto-irwanya moteri

Imashini ihindagurika ya moteri ya moteri / guhinduranya moteri-irwanya moteri, moteri yintambwe, umuvuduko

rukuruzi

Rotor irakoreshwa burundu kandi ntigira ibishishwa

Moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya moteri / brushless AC moteri

Brushless DC moteri

Umuringa (mubisanzwe ufite intangiriro)

Rotor ifite coil

Imbeba y'imbeba

Imashini ihoraho ya magnet ihindagurika: moteri yisi yose (ROV ikoresha moteri ebyiri)

Imashini ihindagurika ya moteri igenzurwa na inverter

Uburyo bukonje

1) Gukonja: Iyo moteri ihindura ingufu, igice gito cyigihombo gihora gihinduka ubushyuhe, kigomba guhora gisohoka binyuze mumazu ya moteri nibitangazamakuru bikikije, inzira twita gukonja.

2) Uburyo bukonje: gaze cyangwa amazi yohereza ubushyuhe.

3) Uburyo bwambere bwo gukonjesha: gaze cyangwa amazi yamazi akonje kuruta igice cya moteri, ihura nicyo gice cya moteri ikanakuraho ubushyuhe itanga.

4) Icyiciro cya kabiri cyo gukonjesha: gazi cyangwa icyuma cyamazi gifite ubushyuhe buri munsi yubushyuhe bwambere bwo gukonjesha, butwarwa nubushyuhe butangwa nubushakashatsi bwibanze bukonje binyuze mumbere ya moteri cyangwa gukonjesha.

5) Uburyo bwa nyuma bwo gukonjesha: Ubushyuhe bwimurirwa muburyo bwa nyuma bwo gukonjesha.

6) Itangazamakuru rikonjesha rya periferi: gaze cyangwa itangazamakuru ryamazi mubidukikije bikikije moteri.

7) Hagati ya kure: Ikigereranyo kiri kure ya moteri ikurura ubushyuhe bwa moteri binyuze mumurongo, umuyoboro usohoka cyangwa umuyoboro hanyuma ugasohora uburyo bwo gukonjesha kure.

8) Cooler: Igikoresho cyohereza ubushyuhe kuva muburyo bukonje bujya mubindi kandi bugakomeza ibitangazamakuru bibiri bikonje bitandukanye.

Kode yuburyo

1, kode yuburyo bwo gukonjesha moteri igizwe ahanini nikirangantego cyuburyo bwo gukonjesha (IC), kode yo hagati yo gukonjesha imiyoboro ya kode, kode yibitangazamakuru bikonjesha hamwe no gukonjesha uburyo bwo gukonjesha uburyo bwo gutwara.

Imiterere ya IC-loop ni code ikonje itangazamakuru hamwe nuburyo bwo gusunika kode

2. Ikirangantego cyo gukonjesha kode ni anacronym ya InternationalCooling, igaragara muri IC.

3, gukonjesha itangazamakuru ryumuzunguruko wimibare ifite nimero iranga, isosiyete yacu ikoresha cyane 0,4,6,8 nibindi, ibi bikurikira byavuze ibisobanuro byabyo.

4, gukonjesha itangazamakuru kode ifite ingingo zikurikira:

Itangazamakuru rikonje Ikiranga kode
umwuka A
hydrogen H
azote N
Dioxyde de carbone C
amazi W
amavuta U

Niba uburyo bwo gukonjesha ari umwuka, inyuguti A isobanura uburyo bwo gukonjesha irashobora kuvaho, kandi uburyo bwo gukonjesha dukoresha ni umwuka.

5, gukonjesha itangazamakuru ryimikorere yuburyo bwo gutwara, ahanini byatangije bine.

Umubare wimiterere ibisobanuro Muri make
0 Wishingikirize kubushyuhe butandukanye kugirango utume ubukonje bugenda Kwishyira ukizana
1 Kugenda kwicyuma gikonjesha bifitanye isano numuvuduko wa moteri, cyangwa kubera ibikorwa bya rotor ubwayo, cyangwa birashobora guterwa nigikorwa cyumufana rusange cyangwa pompe ikururwa na rotor, bigatuma itangazamakuru ryimuka Kwikuramo wenyine
6 Twara urujya n'uruza rw'itangazamakuru ukoresheje ibice bitandukanye byashyizwe kuri moteri, bisaba imbaraga zidashingiye ku muvuduko wa moteri nyamukuru, nk'umufuka w'inyuma cyangwa umufana. Ibikoresho byo hanze bihagarara wenyine
7 Gutandukanya ibice by'amashanyarazi cyangwa ubukanishi byashyizweho bitandukanye na moteri yimodoka igenda ikonjesha cyangwa igatwara ingendo yo gukonjesha ukoresheje igitutu muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza itangazamakuru. Igice-cyashizweho cyigenga kigizwe na disiki

6, uburyo bwo gukonjesha kode yerekana uburyo bworoshye bwo gushiraho ikimenyetso nuburyo bwuzuye bwo gushyira akamenyetso, dukwiye guha umwanya wambere gukoresha uburyo bworoshye bwo kwerekana ibimenyetso, uburyo bworoshye bwo kwerekana ibimenyetso, niba uburyo bwo gukonjesha ari umwuka, bivuze ko code ya media ikonje A, muri Ikimenyetso cyoroshye gishobora kuvaho, niba uburyo bwo gukonjesha ari amazi, gusunika uburyo 7, mukimenyetso cyoroshye, umubare 7 urashobora kuvaho.

7, uburyo bukonje bukoreshwa cyane ni IC01, IC06, IC411, IC416, IC611, IC81W nibindi.

Urugero: IC411 uburyo bwuzuye bwo gushiraho ikimenyetso ni IC4A1A1

“IC” ni kode yerekana uburyo bwo gukonjesha;

“4 ″ ni izina rya kode yo gukonjesha itangazamakuru (gukonjesha hejuru).

“A” ni code ya media ikonje (ikirere).

Icya mbere “1 ″ nuburyo bukonje bukonje bwo gusunika uburyo bwo kwifashisha (kwizunguruka).

Igice cya kabiri “1 ″ ni icya kabiri cyo gukonjesha itangazamakuru ryo gusunika uburyo (kode-cycle).

IC06: zana blower yawe wenyine uhumeka hanze;

ICl7: gukonjesha umwuka winjira mu miyoboro, isohoka ryimpumyi zishira;

IC37: Ni ukuvuga, gukonjesha ikirere gutumiza no kohereza hanze ni imiyoboro;

IC611: Ifunze byuzuye hamwe na firime ikonjesha;

ICW37A86: Ifunze byuzuye hamwe na firimu ikonjesha.

Kandi hariho uburyo butandukanye bwakomotse, nkubwoko bwo guhumeka, hamwe nicyitegererezo cyumuyaga, ubwoko bufunze, ubwoko bukonjesha ikirere / ikirere.

Ibyiciro bya moteri

Moteri ya AC

Moteri idafite imbaraga

Moteri idafite imbaraga

Y-Urukurikirane (umuvuduko muke, umuvuduko mwinshi, inshuro nyinshi, feri ya electronique).

Urukurikirane rwa JSJ (umuvuduko muke, umuvuduko mwinshi, inshuro nyinshi, feri ya electronique).

Moteri ihuriweho

Urukurikirane rwa TD

Urukurikirane rwa TDMK

Moteri ya DC

Moteri isanzwe ya DC

Moteri isanzwe ya DC

Z2 Urukurikirane

Z4 Urukurikirane

Moteri ya DC

Moteri ya gari ya moshi

ZSN sima swing itanura

Gukoresha no kugenzura moteri yamashanyarazi biroroshye cyane, hamwe no gutangira, kwihuta, gufata feri, guhindukira, guhagarara hamwe nubundi bushobozi, birashobora kuzuza ibisabwa bitandukanye mubikorwa;Kubera urukurikirane rwibyiza, bityo mubikorwa byinganda nubuhinzi, ubwikorezi, kurinda igihugu, ibikoresho byubucuruzi nibikoresho byo murugo, ibikoresho byubuvuzi nibindi bintu bikoreshwa cyane.

Gutondekanya ibicuruzwa

1.Mugukora amashanyarazi

Ukurikije amashanyarazi akoreshwa na moteri, irashobora kugabanywamo moteri ya DC na moteri ya AC.Moteri ya AC nayo igabanijwemo moteri yicyiciro kimwe na moteri yibice bitatu.

2.Ukurikije imiterere nuburyo ikora

Moteri irashobora kugabanywamo moteri ya DC, moteri idahwitse hamwe na moteri ikomatanya ukurikije imiterere n'ihame ryakazi.Moteri ya syncronous irashobora kandi kugabanywamo moteri ihoraho ya magnetiki sync, moteri ya magnetique irwanya sync moteri hamwe na moteri ya magneto-ihagaze.Moteri idafite imbaraga irashobora kugabanywamo moteri ya induction na moteri ya AC ihindura.Moteri ya induction igabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu moteri idafite imbaraga.

Moteri ya Asinchronous kandi itwikiriye moteri idasanzwe, nibindi moteri ya AC ihinduranya igabanijwemo moteri yicyiciro kimwe, AC DC moteri ebyiri na moteri.

3.Gutondekanya gutangira no gukora

Moteri irashobora kugabanywamo ubushobozi bwo gutangiza icyiciro kimwe cya moteri idafite imbaraga, ubushobozi bwa moteri ikora icyiciro kimwe cya moteri idahwitse, ubushobozi bwo gutangira gukora icyiciro kimwe cya moteri hamwe na moteri igabanya icyiciro kimwe cya moteri.

4.Ku bw'intego

Moteri irashobora kugabanywamo gutwara moteri yamashanyarazi no kugenzura moteri yamashanyarazi ukoresheje.Gutwara moteri yamashanyarazi nayo igabanyijemo ibikoresho byamashanyarazi (harimo gucukura, gusya, gusya, gutondagura, gukata, kwagura ibikoresho, nibindi) moteri yumuriro, ibikoresho byo murugo (harimo imashini imesa, ibyuma byamashanyarazi, firigo, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bikonjesha, ibyuma bifata amashusho, Abakinnyi ba DVD, isuku ya vacuum, kamera, ibyuma byogosha umusatsi, urwembe rwamashanyarazi, nibindi) moteri yamashanyarazi nibindi bikoresho rusange bigamije intego rusange (harimo ibikoresho bitandukanye byimashini ntoya, imashini nto, ibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, nibindi) moteri yumuriro.Igenzura rya moteri yamashanyarazi igabanijwemo moteri yintambwe na moteri ya servo.

5.Ukurikije imiterere ya rotor

Imiterere ya moteri na rotor irashobora kugabanywamo moteri yubwoko bwa induction (ibisanzwe bishaje bita moteri yimbeba ubwoko bwa asynchronous moteri) hamwe na moteri ya rotor induction (ibipimo bishaje byitwa moteri ya asinchronous moteri).

6.Umuvuduko wo gukora

Moteri irashobora kugabanywamo moteri yihuta, moteri yihuta, moteri ihoraho-yihuta, moteri igenzurwa n umuvuduko ukurikije imikorere.

7.Bishyizwe muburyo bwo kurinda

Fungura (urugero IP11, IP22): Moteri ntirurinda bidasanzwe ibice bizunguruka kandi bizima usibye ibyingenzi bikenewe.

Gufunga (urugero IP44, IP54): Ibice bizunguruka kandi byashizwe imbere mumazu ya moteri birashobora gukingirwa muburyo bukenewe kugirango birinde impanuka, ariko ntibibangamire cyane guhumeka.Moteri ikingira igabanijwemo: ukurikije imiterere yo kurinda umwuka

Ubwoko bwa mesh: umuyaga wa moteri utwikiriye ibipfundikizo, kugirango igice kizunguruka cya moteri nigice kizima kidashobora guhura nikintu cyamahanga.

Ibitonyanga: Imiterere ya moteri irinda kugwa mu buryo buhagaritse amazi cyangwa ibinini byinjira muri moteri mu buryo butaziguye.

Gutandukanya amashanyarazi: Imiterere ya moteri ya moteri irinda amazi cyangwa ibinini kwinjira muri moteri icyerekezo icyo aricyo cyose kuri dogere 100.

Gufunga: Imiterere ya shell moteri irinda guhanahana umwuka kubuntu imbere no hanze yikigo, ariko ntibisaba kashe yuzuye.

Amashanyarazi: Imiterere yimiturire ya moteri irinda amazi nigitutu runaka kwinjira muri moteri.

Amazi meza: Iyo moteri yibijwe mumazi, imiterere ya shell moteri ibuza amazi kwinjira muri moteri.

Kurohama: Moteri irashobora gukora mumazi igihe kinini munsi yumuvuduko wamazi.

Ibisasu biturika: Imiterere yinzu ya moteri irahagije kugirango wirinde guturika gaze imbere ya moteri kwanduzwa hanze ya moteri, kandi bigatera iturika rya gaze yaka hanze ya moteri.

Urugero: IP44 yerekana ko moteri ishobora kurinda imibiri y’amahanga ikomeye irenze 1mm amazi atemba.

Ibisobanuro byumubare wambere nyuma ya IP

0 Nta kurinda, nta kurinda bidasanzwe.

1 Irinda imibiri ikomeye yamahanga irenze 50mm ya diametre kwinjira murubanza, irinda ahantu hanini mumubiri wumuntu (urugero: amaboko) gukoraho kubwimpanuka ibice bizima cyangwa byimuka byigikonoshwa, ariko ntibibuza kwinjira mubice.

2 Irinda imibiri yamahanga ikomeye irenze 12mm ya diametre kwinjira murubanza kandi ikabuza intoki gukoraho igice kizima cyangwa cyimuka cyigikonoshwa.

3 Irinda imibiri yamahanga ikomeye irenze 2,5mm ya diametre kwinjira murubanza kandi ikabuza ibikoresho, ibyuma, nibindi bifite umubyimba (cyangwa diameter) urenga 2.5 gukoraho igice kizima cyangwa cyimuka cyigikonoshwa.

4 Irinda imibiri yamahanga ikomeye irenze 1mm ya diametre kwinjira murubanza kandi ikabuza ibikoresho (cyangwa diameter) binini kurenza 1mm gukoraho ibice bizima cyangwa byimuka byigikonoshwa.

5 Irinda umukungugu kwinjira kuburyo bigira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe yibikoresho kandi birinda rwose gukoraho igice kizima cyangwa cyimuka cyigikonoshwa.

6 Irinde rwose ivumbi ryinjira kandi wirinde rwose gukoraho igice kizima cyangwa cyimuka cyigikonoshwa.

Ibisobanuro byumubare wa kabiri nyuma ya IP

0 Nta kurinda, nta kurinda bidasanzwe.

1 Kurwanya ibitonyanga, gutonyanga guhagaritse ntibigomba kwinjira muburyo bwibicuruzwa.

2 15 ゚ ibitonyanga-bitonyanga, gutonyanga murwego rwa dogere 15 zingana na sisitemu yo kugabanuka ntigomba kwinjira muburyo bwibicuruzwa.

3 Amazi arwanya amazi, amazi murwego rwa dogere 60 zingana na sisitemu yo kugabanuka ntagomba kwinjira muburyo bwibicuruzwa.

4 Kurwanya amazi, kumena amazi muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose ntibigomba kugira ingaruka mbi kubicuruzwa.

5 Kurwanya amazi, gutera amazi mu cyerekezo icyo aricyo cyose ntibigomba kugira ingaruka mbi kubicuruzwa.

6 Imiraba ikomeye cyangwa amazi akomeye ntagomba kugira ingaruka mbi kubicuruzwa.

7 Amazi arwanya kwibiza, ibicuruzwa mugihe cyagenwe nigitutu cyinjijwe mumazi, gufata amazi ntibigomba kugira ingaruka mbi kubicuruzwa.

8 Kurohama, ibicuruzwa munsi yumuvuduko wabigenewe igihe kinini wibizwa mumazi, kwinjiza amazi ntibigomba kugira ingaruka mbi kubicuruzwa.

8.Bishyizwe hamwe no guhumeka no gukonjesha

1. Kwikonjesha: Moteri ikonjeshwa gusa nimirasire yubutaka hamwe nibisanzwe byumwuka.

2. Gukonjesha kwifata: Moteri itwarwa nabafana bayo, itanga umwuka ukonje kugirango ukonje hejuru ya moteri cyangwa imbere.

3. Yakonje-umuyaga: Umuyaga utanga umwuka ukonje ntabwo utwarwa na moteri ubwayo, ahubwo ubwayo.

4. Umuyaga uhumeka: Umwuka ukonje ntabwo uva hanze ya moteri winjira muri moteri cyangwa mu buryo butaziguye imbere y’imbere ya moteri, ariko binyuze mu kwinjiza imiyoboro cyangwa gusohora moteri, umuyaga uhumeka urashobora kwifata wenyine. cyangwa abandi bafana-bakonje.

5. Gukonjesha amazi: gukonjesha amazi ya moteri yamashanyarazi.

6. Gufunga-kuzenguruka kuzenguruka gazi gukonjesha: Hagati ya moteri ikonjesha izunguruka mu muzingi ufunze harimo moteri na cooler, ariko ikigereranyo gikurura ubushyuhe uko kinyura muri moteri kikarekura ubushyuhe uko kinyuze muri firimu.

7. Gukonjesha hejuru hamwe no gukonjesha imbere: Uburyo bwo gukonjesha ntibunyura imbere yimbere ya moteri yitwa gukonjesha hejuru, kandi uburyo bwo gukonjesha bunyura mumashanyarazi imbere bizwi nko gukonjesha imbere.

9.Kanda imiterere yububiko

Imiterere ya moteri isanzwe igaragazwa na code.Kode ihagarariwe n’amagambo ahinnye yashyizweho ku rwego mpuzamahanga IM, inyuguti ya mbere ya IM igereranya ubwoko bwubwubatsi, B igereranya iyinjizwamo rya horizontal, V igereranya iyinjizamo, naho imibare ya kabiri igereranya kode iranga, igaragazwa n’imibare y’icyarabu.

Kurugero, ubwoko bwa IMB5 bwerekana ko shingiro ridafite ishingiro, ko hari flange nini kumutwe wanyuma, kandi ko igiti cyaguwe kumpera ya flange.

Moderi yo kwishyiriraho ni B3, BB3, B5, B35, BB5, BB35, V1, V5, V6, nibindi.

10.Urwego rwo gukumira rugabanijwemo:A, E, B, F, H, C.

Impande zingana nurwego Y A E B F H C
Kora impamyabumenyi igabanya ubushyuhe bukabije 90 105 120 130 155 180 > 180
Ubushyuhe bugera kuri c 50 60 75 80 100 125

11.Sisitemu y'akazi yagenwe igabanijwemo:sisitemu ikomeza, rimwe na rimwe, sisitemu y'akazi y'igihe gito.

Sisitemu ikora ikomeza (S1): Moteri yemeza gukora igihe kirekire mubihe byateganijwe byerekanwe ku cyapa.

Sisitemu y'imikorere y'igihe gito (S2): Moteri irashobora gukora mugihe gito gusa mubihe byerekana ubushyuhe bwerekanwe ku cyapa.Hariho ibintu bine bimara igihe gito cyo kwiruka: 10min, 30min, 60min, na 90min.

Sisitemu y'imikorere y'agateganyo (S3): Moteri irashobora gukoreshwa gusa mugihe gito kandi mugihe gikwiye mugihe cyateganijwe cyerekanwe ku cyapa, cyerekanwe nkijanisha rya 10min kuri buri cyiciro.Kurugero: FC- 25%, harimo S4-S10 ni sisitemu y'imikorere mugihe kimwe mubihe bitandukanye.

Yerekana ibicuruzwa

Y (IP44) urukurikirane rwa moteri idahwitse

Ubushobozi bwa moteri kuva 0.55to200kW, Icyiciro B cyo gukumira, icyiciro cyo kurinda IP44, kugeza ku rwego mpuzamahanga rwa komisiyo ishinzwe amashanyarazi (IEC), ibicuruzwa kugeza ku rwego mpuzamahanga rwo mu mpera za za 70, urwego rwose rwerekana uburemere buringaniye burenze urwego rwa JO2 rwiyongereyeho 0.43%, umusaruro wumwaka hafi miliyoni 20 kW.

Yx ikurikirana ya moteri ikora neza

Ubushobozi 1.5to90kW, 2,4,6 nibindi kuri 3.Urwego rwose rwa moteri ni ugereranije hafi 3% ikora neza kuruta Y (IP44), hafi yurwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere.Bikwiranye nigikorwa kimwe cyerekezo hamwe namasaha yakazi arenga 3000h.Iyo igipimo cyumutwaro kirenze 50%, kuzigama ingufu ni ngombwa.Urukurikirane rwa moteri ntiruri hejuru mubikorwa, hamwe numusaruro wumwaka ugera ku 10,000.

Moteri ihindagurika yihuta

Ibicuruzwa nyamukuru ni YD (0.45to160kW) muri Chine, YDT (0.17to160kW), YDB (0.35to82kW), YD (0.2to24kW), YDFW (630to4000kW) nibindi 8 byuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa, kugirango ugere kurwego mpuzamahanga rusanzwe rusaba.

Moteri ya electromagnetic kunyerera itandukanya umuvuduko

Ubushinwa bwakoze cyane YCT (0.55to90kW), YCT2 (15to250kW), YCTD (0.55to90kW), YCTE (5.5to630kW), YCTJ (0.55to15kW) nibindi 8 byicuruzwa, kugirango bigere ku rwego mpuzamahanga rwo gusaba, muri byo YCTE urukurikirane rufite urwego rwohejuru rwikoranabuhanga, iterambere ryiza cyane.

Porogaramu igamije

Hindura Ijwi

Ikoreshwa cyane mubwoko bwose bwa moteri ni AC asinchronous moteri (izwi kandi nka moteri ya induction).Biroroshye gukoresha, byizewe gukora, hasi mubiciro, imiterere ihamye, ariko ibintu byingufu ni bike, guhindura umuvuduko nabyo biragoye.Imashini zifite imbaraga nyinshi, moteri yihuta ikoreshwa cyane muri moteri ya syncron (reba moteri ikora).Moteri ya syncronous ntabwo ifite gusa imbaraga zo hejuru, ariko kandi umuvuduko wabo ntiwigenga kubunini bwumutwaro, bitewe numurongo wa gride gusa.Akazi karahagaze neza.Koresha moteri nyinshi za DC mugihe hagomba guhinduka umuvuduko mugari.Ariko ifite transverter, imiterere igoye, ihenze, ingorane zo kubungabunga, ntabwo ibereye ibidukikije bibi.Nyuma ya za 1970, hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya tekinoroji ya elegitoroniki, tekinoroji yo kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri ya AC irakura, ibiciro byibikoresho biragabanuka, byatangiye gukoreshwa.Imbaraga ntarengwa zisohoka za moteri zirashobora kwihanganira bidateye moteri gushyuha munsi ya sisitemu y'akazi yagenwe (ikomeza, ikora-ngufi, sisitemu y'imikorere yigihe gito) yitwa imbaraga zayo, kandi hagomba kwitonderwa ibiteganijwe kurutonde rwizina iyo kuyikoresha.Mugihe ukoresha moteri, hagomba kwitonderwa guhuza ibiranga umutwaro wacyo kubiranga moteri, kugirango wirinde imodoka ziguruka cyangwa guhagarara.Moteri irashobora gutanga ingufu nyinshi, kuva miliwatt kugeza kilowat 10,000.Gukoresha no kugenzura moteri biroroshye cyane, hamwe no gutangira, kwihuta, gufata feri, guhindukira, gufata nubundi bushobozi.Mubisanzwe, imbaraga zisohoka za moteri yamashanyarazi zihinduka numuvuduko iyo ihinduwe.

akarusho

Moteri ya Brushless DC igizwe numubiri wa moteri na shoferi, kandi nibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya mechatronic.Ihinduramiterere ya moteri ikozwe mubice bitatu bifitanye isano ninyenyeri zifitanye isano, bisa cyane na moteri yibice bitatu.Rotor ya moteri ihujwe na rukuruzi ihoraho, kandi kugirango hamenyekane polarite ya rotor ya moteri, hashyirwaho sensor ya position.Umushoferi agizwe na electronics power hamwe na sisitemu ihuriweho, ikora kuburyo bukurikira: emera ibimenyetso byo gutangira, guhagarika no gufata feri ya moteri kugirango igenzure itangira, ihagarare na feri ya moteri, wemere ibimenyetso bya sensorisiyo hamwe nibimenyetso byimbere nibisubira inyuma, koresha kugirango ugenzure ubudahwema bwumuriro wamashanyarazi yikiraro cya inverter, utange urumuri ruhoraho, wemere amabwiriza yihuta nibimenyetso byihuta byo kugenzura no guhindura umuvuduko, gutanga uburinzi no kwerekana, nibindi.

Kubera ko moteri ya DC idafite amashanyarazi ikora muburyo bwo kwiyobora, ntabwo yongeraho intangiriro yo guhinduranya kuri rotor nka moteri ya syncronique iremerewe cyane kumuvuduko uhindagurika, ntanubwo ihindagurika kandi ihagarara mugihe umutwaro uhindutse.Imashini ihoraho ya moteri ntoya kandi ntoya ya moteri idafite DC ikozwe mubutaka budasanzwe ferrite boron (Nd-Fe-B) ifite imbaraga za rukuruzi nyinshi.Nkigisubizo, isi idasanzwe ihoraho ya magnet brushless moteri irenze ubushobozi bumwe moteri yicyiciro cya gatatu idafite moteri yagabanije umubare wintebe.Mu myaka 30 ishize, ubushakashatsi kuri moteri ya moteri idafite umuvuduko ukabije iri mu isesengura rya nyuma ishakisha uburyo bwo kugenzura umuriro wa moteri ya asinchronous, isi idasanzwe ya magnet itagira amashanyarazi idafite moteri DC izerekana rwose ibyiza murwego rwo kugenzura umuvuduko hamwe ibiranga kwaguka kwagutse, ingano ntoya, gukora neza hamwe no guhagarara-leta yihuta.Moteri ya Brushless DC kubera ibiranga moteri ya DC brush, ariko kandi ninshuro yibikoresho, bizwi kandi nka DC guhinduranya inshuro, ijambo mpuzamahanga risanzwe rya BLDC brushless DC ikora neza, umuvuduko muke, umuvuduko ukabije, nibindi. byiza kuruta uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kugenzura ikorana buhanga, bityo rero bikwiye kwitabwaho ninganda.Hamwe nibicuruzwa birenga 55kWibicuruzwa bimaze gukorwa, birashobora gushushanywa kuri 400kWtomeet inganda zikeneye kuzigama ingufu hamwe na drives ikora cyane.

1, gusimbuza byimazeyo kugenzura umuvuduko wa moteri ya DC, gusimbuza byimazeyo inverter hamwe nimpinduka zumuvuduko wa moteri yihuta, gusimbuza byimazeyo moteri idahwitse no kugabanya umuvuduko;

2, irashobora kwiruka kumuvuduko muke nimbaraga nyinshi, irashobora gukuraho garebox itwara imitwaro minini;

3, hamwe nibyiza byose bya moteri ya DC gakondo, ariko kandi uhagarike guswera karubone, kunyerera impeta;

4.

5, nta rwego rwo kugenzura umuvuduko, urwego rwo kugenzura umuvuduko ni rugari, ubushobozi burenze urugero burakomeye;

6, ubunini buto, uburemere bworoshye, imbaraga nini;

7, gutangira byoroshye no guhagarara byoroshye, ibiranga feri nibyiza, birashobora gukuraho feri yumwimerere cyangwa ibikoresho bya feri ya electronique;

8, gukora neza, moteri ubwayo ntabwo igira igihombo gishimishije no gutakaza karuboni ya karubone, ikuraho ikoreshwa ryihuta ryibyiciro byinshi, igipimo cyo kuzigama amashanyarazi agera kuri 20% kugeza 60%, gusa uzigama amashanyarazi kumwaka kugirango ugarure ikiguzi cyo kugura;

9, kwizerwa cyane, gutuza neza, guhuza n'imihindagurikire, gusana byoroshye no kubungabunga;

10, irwanya ibibyimba no kunyeganyega, urusaku ruto, kunyeganyega gato, gukora neza, kuramba;

11, nta radiyo yivanga, ntutange ibishashi, cyane cyane bibereye ahantu hashobora guturika, hari ubwoko buturika;

12, nkuko bikenewe, hitamo moteri ya trapezoidal yumurongo wa moteri hamwe na moteri nziza-rotor ya moteri.

kurinda

Kurinda moteri

Kurinda moteri nuguha moteri uburinzi bwuzuye, ni ukuvuga, mumoteri irenze, kubura icyiciro, guhagarika, umuzunguruko mugufi, gukabya, munsi ya volvoltage, kumeneka, kutaringaniza ibyiciro bitatu, gushyuha cyane, kwambara kwambara, rotor eccentricity, axial run-off radial yiruka, guhagarika umutima cyangwa kurindwa;

Kurinda bitandukanye

Kurinda moteri itandukanye hamwe no kurinda umuvuduko ukabije kurinda hamwe na duplex igereranya itandukanyirizo hamwe na feri ya kabiri ihuza feri, irashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyimpande eshatu zitandukanye zinjiza inshuro eshatu (itandukaniro ryibice bitatu), hamwe nigikoresho kimwe cyumubyigano wamashanyarazi hamwe no guhinduranya ingano ya imikorere yuzuye kandi ikomeye yo kugura, ifite ibikoresho bisanzwe RS485 hamwe nicyambu cyitumanaho rya CAN, kandi binyuze muburyo bufatika kugirango ugere kumurongo wibice bitatu byingenzi bihindagurika bitandukanye, kurinda ibice bibiri byingenzi bihindagurika, kurinda ibice bibiri bitandukanye, kurinda generator itandukanye, kurinda moteri itandukanye no kurinda ingufu zamashanyarazi nibindi bikorwa byo kurinda no gupima no kugenzura;

Kurinda birenze urugero

Igiceri cya moteri-moteri gisanzwe gikozwe mumigozi myiza yumuringa kandi ntigishobora kwihanganira.Iyo umutwaro wa moteri ari munini cyangwa moteri ifatanye, umuyoboro unyura muri coil uriyongera vuba, mugihe ubushyuhe bwa moteri bwiyongera cyane kandi umuringa wumuringa wumuringa urashya byoroshye.Niba polymer PTC thermistor ishobora gutondekwa mumashanyarazi, bizatanga uburinzi bwigihe cyo gutwikwa mugihe moteri irenze.Ubushuhe busanzwe buri hafi ya coil, bigatuma thermistors yoroshye kumva ubushyuhe no kurinda byihuse kandi neza.Thermistors yo gukingira byibanze mubisanzwe ikoresha KT250 ya termistoriste irwanya umuvuduko mwinshi, hamwe nuburwanya bwumuriro kugirango ikingire kabiri mubisanzwe ikoresha KT60-B, KT30-B, KT16-B, na moteri ya flake ifite umuvuduko muke wo kurwanya umuvuduko.

Ibyago byumuriro wa moteri yamashanyarazi

Impamvu zihariye zitera umuriro wa moteri nizi zikurikira:

1, kurenza urugero

Ibi birashobora gutera kwiyongera kwumuyaga uhindagurika, kwiyongera kwubushyuhe bwumutima hamwe nicyuma, kandi mugihe gikomeye, umuriro.

2, ibikorwa byacitse

Nubwo moteri ishobora gukora, umuyaga uhindagurika wiyongera kuburyo utwika moteri kandi ugatera umuriro.

3, umubano mubi

Bizatera guhuza imbaraga ni binini cyane kugirango bishyushye cyangwa bitange arc, mubihe bikomeye birashobora gutwika moteri yaka umuriro hanyuma bigatera umuriro.

4, ibyangiritse

Umuzunguruko mugufi hagati yicyiciro nikiyoka kirakorwa, gitera umuriro.

5, guterana imashini

Kwangirika kwifata birashobora gutuma sator, ubwikanyize bwa rotor cyangwa shitingi ya moteri bigumaho, bikavamo ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa imiyoboro migufi mumuzinga ushobora gutera inkongi.

6, guhitamo nabi

7, gukoresha umutima wicyuma ni binini cyane

Gutakaza cyane vortex birashobora gutera umuriro wumutima wicyuma hamwe nuburemere bukabije, bigatera umuriro mubihe bikomeye.

8, kutagira ishingiro

Iyo moteri ihinduranya moteri ngufi ibaye, niba ubutaka butameze neza, bizatera igiceri cya moteri cyishyuwe, kuruhande rumwe rushobora guteza impanuka yumuriro wamashanyarazi, kurundi ruhande, bigatuma igiceri gishyuha, gutwika cyane ibidukikije ibikoresho byaka kandi bigatera umuriro.

amakosa

Impamvu yo gutsindwa

1.Moteri irashyuha

1), gutanga amashanyarazi byatumye moteri ishyuha

Hariho impamvu nyinshi zituma amashanyarazi atera moteri gushyuha:

Ikosa rya moteri - gusana

a, amashanyarazi yatanzwe ni menshi cyane

Iyo amashanyarazi yatanzwe ari menshi, moteri irwanya amashanyarazi, flux nubucucike bwiyongera.Kuberako ubunini bwigihombo cyicyuma bingana na kwadarato yubucucike bwa flux, gutakaza ibyuma biriyongera, bigatuma icyuma gishyuha.Ubwiyongere bwa flux, kandi butera ibice byibyishimo byiyongera cyane, bikaviramo kwiyongera kwumuringa wumuringa wa synaut winding, kugirango umuyaga ushushe.Kubwibyo, iyo voltage itanga irenze voltage yagenwe ya moteri, moteri irashyuha.

b, amashanyarazi yatanzwe ni make cyane

Iyo amashanyarazi yatanzwe ari make cyane, niba amashanyarazi ya moteri ya moteri akomeje kudahinduka, flux izagabanuka, moteri ya rotor iziyongera bikwiranye, kandi ibikoresho bitanga imizigo mumashanyarazi ya tator biziyongera, bigatuma umuringa wiyongera gutakaza umuyaga, bikavamo guhindagurika gukomeye hamwe na rotor.

c, gutanga voltage asimmetrie

Iyo umugozi w'amashanyarazi ari icyiciro kimwe, fuse icyiciro kimwe kiravuzwa, cyangwa icyuma cyo mumarembo gikoreshwa

moteri

Gutwika ku mfuruka yumutwe wibikoresho bitangira bitera icyiciro kitagira icyiciro, kizatera moteri yibyiciro bitatu gufata icyiciro kimwe, bigatuma ibyiciro bibiri byiruka bigenda bishyuha cyane binyuze mumashanyarazi menshi hanyuma bigatwikwa.

d, uburinganire bwibyiciro bitatu

Iyo amashanyarazi y'ibyiciro bitatu ataringanijwe, ibyiciro bitatu bya moteri iringaniye, bigatuma umuyaga ushushe.Nkuko bigaragara hejuru, iyo moteri ishyushye, amashanyarazi agomba kubanza gutekerezwa.Umaze kwemeza ko ntakibazo kijyanye no gutanga amashanyarazi, tekereza kubindi bintu.

2), umutwaro utera moteri gushyuha

Hariho impamvu nyinshi zituma moteri ishyuha mubijyanye numutwaro:

a, moteri iremerewe gukora

Iyo ibikoresho bidahuye, imbaraga zumutwaro wa moteri ziruta imbaraga zapimwe za moteri, hanyuma moteri ikora igihe kirekire kirenze urugero (ni ukuvuga igare rito rikururwa nifarashi), bizatera moteri gushyuha.Mugihe cyo gusana moteri ishyushye, birakenewe kumenya niba imbaraga zumutwaro zihuye nimbaraga za moteri kugirango birinde gukuraho impumyi kandi bidafite intego.

b, gukurura imashini yubukorikori ntabwo ikora neza

Nubwo ibikoresho bihuye, ariko umutwaro wubukanishi urimo gukururwa ntabwo ukora neza, umutwaro wo gukora ni munini kandi muto, kandi moteri iraremerewe kandi ishyushye.

c, hari ikibazo cyimashini zikurura

Iyo imashini zikururwa zifite amakosa, zidahinduka cyangwa zifunze, bizarenza moteri, bigatuma moteri ihindagurika cyane.Kubwibyo, iyo moteri yo kubungabunga ishyushye, ibintu biremereye ntibishobora kwirengagizwa.

3), moteri ubwayo yateje ubushyuhe bukabije

a, ikiruhuko cya moteri

Iyo habaye icyiciro cyo guhinduranya icyiciro cya moteri, cyangwa ishami ryamashami kumashami abangikanye, bizatera ibyiciro bitatu ibyiciro bitaringanijwe kandi moteri ishyuha.

b, guhinduranya moteri ni bigufi

Iyo ikosa rito ryumuzunguruko ribaye muri moteri ihindagurika, umuyoboro mugari muto ni munini cyane kuruta uko bisanzwe bigenda, byongera igihombo cyumuringa cyumuyaga, bigatuma umuyaga ushushe cyane cyangwa ugashya.

c, ikosa ryo guhuza moteri

Iyo moteri ihuza inyabutatu ihindagurika mu nyenyeri, moteri iracyakora n'umutwaro wuzuye, umuyoboro unyura muri sitasiyo ihindagurika urenze umuyaga wagenwe, ndetse bigatuma moteri ihagarara yonyine, niba igihe cyo guhagarara ari birebire gato kandi ntibigabanya amashanyarazi, guhinduranya ntibishyuha cyane, ariko kandi bizashya.Iyo moteri ihujwe ninyenyeri yibeshye ihujwe na mpandeshatu, cyangwa mugihe amatsinda menshi ya coil yakubiswe moteri yishami ihindagurika mumashami abiri abangikanye, kuzunguruka numutima wicyuma bizashyuha kandi, mubihe bikomeye, bitwika umuyaga. .

e, ikosa ryo guhuza moteri

Iyo igiceri, itsinda rya coil, cyangwa icyiciro kimwe cyo guhinduranya byahinduwe, birashobora gutera ubusumbane bukabije mubyiciro bitatu kandi bigashyuha cyane.

f, kunanirwa kwa moteri

Iyo moteri ya moteri yunamye, guterana ntabwo ari byiza, bitwaye ibibazo, nibindi, bizatuma moteri yiyongera, gutakaza umuringa no gutakaza ubukana bwa mashini byiyongera, kugirango moteri ishyushye cyane.

4), guhumeka nabi no gukonjesha bitera moteri gushyuha:

a, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru cyane, kuburyo ubushyuhe bwikirere buri hejuru.

b, umwuka winjira ufite imyanda ihagarika, kugirango umuyaga utagenda neza, bikavamo umwuka muke

c, umukungugu mwinshi imbere muri moteri, bigira ingaruka kumuriro

d, kwangirika kwabafana cyangwa guhindukira, bikavamo nta muyaga cyangwa ingano ntoya

e, idafite ibikoresho bitwikiriye umuyaga cyangwa igifuniko cyanyuma cya moteri ntabwo gifite ibyuma byerekana umuyaga, bikavamo moteri idafite inzira yumuyaga runaka

2. Impamvu zituma moteri yibice bitatu idashobora gutangira:

1), amashanyarazi ntabwo ari

2), fuse fuse fuse

3), tyration cyangwa rotor ihindagurika iracitse

4), ipine ihindagurika

5), synonycler ihinduranya ngufi-izunguruka hagati yicyiciro

6), insinga zihinduranya ipine ni bibi

7), kurenza urugero cyangwa imashini zitwara imashini zirazunguruka

8), rotor y'umuringa wa rotor irekuye

9), nta mavuta yo kwisiga afite, igiti cyaguwe kubera ubushyuhe, bikabuza guhindagurika mubitereko

10), ibikoresho byo kugenzura wiring ikosa cyangwa ibyangiritse

11), relay irengana ni nto cyane

12), gutangira gutangira guhinduranya amavuta igikombe ni gito cyamavuta

13), guhinduranya rotor moteri yo gutangira gukora ikosa

14), rotor irwanya moteri ya rotor ya rotor ntabwo ifite ibikoresho neza

15), kwangiza

Moteri yibyiciro bitatu idashobora gutangira ibintu byinshi, igomba gushingira kumiterere nyayo nibimenyetso byo gusesengura birambuye, gusuzuma neza, ntishobora kwishora mubikorwa byinshi, cyane cyane iyo moteri ikora amajwi adasanzwe cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije, igomba guhita ikata guhagarika amashanyarazi, mu iperereza ryimpamvu na nyuma yo gukuraho itangira, hagamijwe gukumira ikwirakwizwa ryamakosa.

3. Impamvu z'umuvuduko gahoro iyomoteri ikora ifite umutwaro

1), voltage yo gutanga ni mike cyane

2), imbeba ya cage rotor yamenetse

3), itsinda rya coil cyangwa coil rifite umwanya muto wumuzunguruko

4), itsinda rya coil cyangwa coil rifite aho bihurira

5), icyiciro cyo gusubira inyuma

6), birenze urugero

7), kuzunguruka rotor icyiciro kimwe cyo kuruhuka

8), rotor rotor moteri itangira guhinduranya ntabwo ari byiza

9), guswera no kunyerera impeta ntabwo ari byiza

4.Impamvu yijwi ridasanzwe mugihe intego ikora

1), tyrpole na rotor rub

2), rotor yumuyaga wibibabi yakubise igikonoshwa

3), rotor ihanagura impapuro

4), ububiko bubura amavuta

5), moteri ifite imyanda

6), moteri ikora ibyiciro bibiri ifite urusaku

5. Amazu ya moteri abaho:

1), umugozi wamashanyarazi ninsinga zubutaka nibeshya

2), ibizunguruka bya moteri, gusaza kwa insulasi bituma imikorere yimikorere igabanuka

3), kuyobora no guterimbere agasanduku k'igikonoshwa

4), kwangirika kwizuba ryaho byateje insinga gukubita igikonoshwa

5), icyuma cyumutima kuruhura icyuma

6), insinga y'ubutaka ntabwo ikora

7), ikibaho cya terminal cyangiritse cyangwa ubuso burimo amavuta

6.Impamvu ituma rotor kunyerera impeta impeta nini cyane

1), hejuru yimpeta iranyerera

2), igitutu cya brush ni gito cyane

3), brush yazunguye muri brush

4), brush itandukana numurongo utabogamye

7.Uwitekaigitera ubushyuhe bwa moteri kuzamuka cyane cyangwa umwotsi

1), amashanyarazi yatanzwe ni menshi cyane cyangwa make

2), birenze urugero

3), moteri ikora icyiciro kimwe

4), ipine ihindagurika

5), kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika cyane

6), tator ihindagurika hagati cyangwa hagati yumuzingi mugufi

7), ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru cyane

8), umuyoboro wa moteri ntabwo ari mwiza cyangwa umuyaga wangiritse

8.Impamvu yerekana igipimo cyerekana igipimo kizunguruka inyuma iyo moteri irimo ubusa cyangwa iyo umutwaro urimo gukora

1), imbeba ya cage rotor kumeneka

2), kuzunguruka rotor icyiciro kimwe cyo kuruhuka

3), guswera icyiciro kimwe cya moteri ya rotor ya rotor iri guhura nabi

4, igikoresho kigufi cyumuzunguruko wa moteri ya rotor irahuza nabi

9.Impamvu yo kunyeganyega kwa moteri

1), uburinganire bwa rotor

2), umutwe wumutwe urunama

3), ubusumbane bwa disiki

4), umukandara coil shaft umwobo eccentric

5), imigeri yo hasi yubutaka ifata moteri irekuye

6), umusingi wa moteri ihamye ntabwo ufite umutekano cyangwa uringaniye

10.Impamvu yo gushyuha cyane

1), kwangiza

2), amavuta menshi, amavuta make cyangwa meza

3), imiyoboro hamwe nigitereko gifite uruziga rwimbere rworoshye cyangwa rukomeye

4), kwifata no gufunga impera hamwe no kurekura perimetero cyangwa gukomera cyane

5), kunyerera bitwaye impeta ya peteroli cyangwa kuzunguruka buhoro

6), imipira yanyuma kumpande zombi za moteri cyangwa ibifuniko bitwara ntabwo biringaniye

7), umukandara urakomeye

8), guhuza ntabwo byashizweho neza.

Gusana amakosa

Mugihe cyigihe kirekire cyimikorere ya moteri, hakunze kubaho amakosa atandukanye: nkumuyoboro woguhuza umuyoboro hamwe na garebox nini, umwobo uhuza hejuru ya flange ugaragara nkuwambaye cyane, byongera isano yo gutandukana kwabashakanye, bikaviramo kwanduza kutaringaniye torque;Nyuma yibi bibazo bibaye, uburyo gakondo nugusana gusudira kurangiza cyangwa gusya nyuma yo gutunganya, ariko byombi bifite ibibi.Guhangayikishwa nubushyuhe buterwa nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo kwisubiraho ntibishobora kuvaho burundu, biroroshye kunama cyangwa kumeneka, mugihe isahani yohasi igarukira kubunini bwikibiriti nigishishwa byoroshye, kandi ubwo buryo bwombi nibyuma byo gusana ibyuma, ntibishobora guhinduka umubano "bigoye-bigoye", munsi yibikorwa bya buri mbaraga, bizakomeza gutera indi myambarire.Mu bihugu by’iburengerazuba bwa none, uburyo bwo gusana ibikoresho bya polymer byakoreshejwe.Gukoresha ibikoresho bya polymer byo gusana, ntanubwo ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe bwa rehidrasiyo, uburebure bwo gusana ntabwo bugarukira, icyarimwe ibicuruzwa bifite ibikoresho byicyuma bidafite umwiherero, birashobora gukuramo ingaruka ziterwa no kunyeganyeza ibikoresho, birinda ko bishoboka ongera wambare, kandi wongere ubuzima bwa serivisi yibikoresho, kugirango ibigo bizigame igihe kinini, bitange agaciro gakomeye mubukungu.

Ikosa: moteri ntishobora gutangira iyo ifunguye

Impamvu nuburyo bwo kuvura:

1.Guhinduranya gutumanaho ni insinga nabi - reba insinga hanyuma ukosore amakosa

2.Umuhengeri uzunguruka wacitse, umuzenguruko mugufi urahagarara, kandi moteri y'amashanyarazi izenguruka rotor iracika - shakisha aho ikosa ukosore amakosa

3.Umutwaro uremereye cyane cyangwa uburyo bwo gutwara bwarafashwe - reba uburyo bwo gutwara no gutwara

4.Umuzenguruko wa rotor ya moteri ya rotor irakinguye (guhuza nabi hagati ya brush nimpeta iranyerera, inverter iracika, guhuza imiyoboro ni bibi, nibindi.) - menya aho uhagarara hanyuma uyisane

5.Amashanyarazi yatanzwe ni make - reba impamvu kandi wirinde

6.Inenge yicyiciro - Reba umurongo hanyuma ugarure ibyiciro bitatu

Ikosa: Ubushyuhe bwa moteri buzamuka cyane cyangwa umwotsi

Impamvu nuburyo bwo kuvura:

1.Kuremerera cyane umutwaro cyangwa kenshi gutangira -gabanya umutwaro kandi ugabanye umubare wintangiriro

2.Kubura icyiciro mugihe gikora - Reba umurongo hanyuma ugarure ibyiciro bitatu

3.Ikosa ryo guhinduranya ipine - reba insinga hanyuma ukosore

4.Guhinduranya tator birahagaze, kandi umuzenguruko mugufi ubaho hagati yimisaraba cyangwa ibice - ubutaka cyangwa umuzunguruko mugufi biramenyekana kandi bigasanwa

5.Ikariso rotor ihindagurika - Simbuza rotor

6.Guhinduranya rotor ya roting yabuze icyiciro - shakisha aho ikosa ukosore

7.Tyration yikubita kuri rotor - reba ibyuma, rotor irahinduka, no gusana cyangwa gusimbuza

8.Guhumeka nabi - Reba neza ko umwuka uba mwiza

9.Umuvuduko muremure cyane cyangwa muto cyane - reba icyabiteye kandi wirinde

Ikosa: Moteri iranyeganyega cyane

Impamvu nuburyo bwo kuvura:

1.Uburinganire bwa rotor - kuringaniza

2.Hamwe no kutaringaniza ibiziga cyangwa kwagura umugozi - kugenzura no gukosora

3.Moteri ntabwo ihujwe nu mutwaro - reba umurongo wigice cyo guhindura

4.Moteri ntabwo yashyizweho neza - reba iyinjizwamo hamwe na screw yonyine

5.Umutwaro uremereye cyane - gabanya umutwaro

Hariho urusaku mugihe cyo gukora

Impamvu nuburyo bwo kuvura:

1.Tyration yikubita kuri rotor - reba ibyuma, rotor irahinduka, no gusana cyangwa gusimbuza

2.Amavuta yangiritse cyangwa amavuta mabi - gusimbuza ibyuma no kubisukura

3.Igikorwa cya moteri yabuze - Reba aho uhagarara hanyuma ukosore

4.Amababi yumuyaga akora kuri dosiye - reba no gukuraho amakosa

Umuvuduko wa moteri ni muto cyane iyo uremerewe

Impamvu nuburyo bwo kuvura:

1.Gutanga voltage ni bike cyane - Reba amashanyarazi yatanzwe

2.Umutwaro mwinshi - Reba umutwaro

3.Ikariso rotor ihindagurika - Simbuza rotor

4.Guhinduranya rotor wire itsinda 1 Guhuza nabi cyangwa guhagarika - reba igitutu cya brush, guswera no kunyerera impeta hamwe na rotor

Inzu ya moteri ni nzima

Impamvu nuburyo bwo kuvura:

1.Ubutaka bubi cyangwa binini cyane birwanya ubutaka - huza insinga zubutaka nkuko bisabwa kugirango ukureho amakosa yubutaka bubi

2.Guhindura amazi - gukama

3.Kwangirika kwangiritse, kurongora ibiyobora - gusana irangi, kongera gufatanya kuyobora

Gusana inama

Iyo moteri ikora cyangwa yananiwe, irashobora gukumira no gukosora amakosa mugihe cyo kureba, gutega amatwi, kunuka no gukoraho uburyo bune kugirango ukore neza amashanyarazi.

Imwe, reba

Kureba imikorere ya moteri ntisanzwe, imikorere yingenzi ni ibihe bikurikira.

1. Iyo tator ihindagurika igufi, umwotsi uva kuri moteri urashobora kuboneka.

2. Iyo moteri iremerewe cyane cyangwa itarangiye, umuvuduko uzagabanuka kandi hazaba ijwi "buzz" riremereye.

3. Moteri ikora mubisanzwe, ariko iyo ihagaze gitunguranye, uzabona ibishashi biva mumashanyarazi adafunguye;Fuse fuse cyangwa igice cyarafashwe.

4. Niba moteri yinyeganyeza bikabije, birashoboka ko ikinyabiziga cyagumye cyangwa moteri ikaba idafite umutekano muke, bolt ya solel irekuye, nibindi.

5. Niba hari ibara, ibimenyetso byaka hamwe nibimenyetso byumwotsi aho uhurira no guhuza muri moteri, hashobora kubaho ubushyuhe bwaho, kutabonana nabi kumuyoboro cyangwa gutwika umuyaga.

Icya kabiri, umva

Moteri igomba gukora mubisanzwe hamwe nijwi rimwe kandi ryoroshye "buzz", nta rusaku kandi nta jwi ryihariye.Niba urusaku rwinshi cyane, harimo urusaku rwa electromagnetique, rufite urusaku, urusaku rwo guhumeka, amajwi yo gukanika imashini, nibindi, bishobora kuba intangiriro yikosa cyangwa ikimenyetso cyikosa.

1. Ku rusaku rwa electromagnetic, niba moteri ikora ijwi rirenga, rirerire kandi rito, hashobora kubaho impamvu nyinshi.

. .

(2) Ibyiciro bitatu byubu ntabwo bingana.Ninimpamvu yo guhagarara nabi, umuzunguruko mugufi, cyangwa guhuza nabi kwicyiciro cya gatatu kizunguruka, niba amajwi atuje, moteri iremerewe cyane cyangwa ntigikora.

(3) Intangiriro y'icyuma irekuye.Moteri ikora kubera kunyeganyega kwicyuma gikosora bolt irekuye, bikavamo icyuma cyuma cya silicon icyuma cyoroshye, kigatera urusaku.

2. Kubijyanye no kuvuza urusaku, bigomba gukurikiranwa kenshi mugihe cya moteri.Uburyo bwo gutegera ni: impera imwe ya screwdriver irwanya ahantu hashyirwa, indi mpera yegereye ugutwi, urashobora kumva amajwi yiruka.Niba ubwikorezi bukora bisanzwe, ijwi ryarwo rirakomeza kandi ijwi rito "umucanga", ntihazabaho impinduka muburebure no guterana hasi hamwe nicyuma.Amajwi akurikira ntabwo ari ibisanzwe.

.

.

. no gukama amavuta.

3. Niba uburyo bwo kohereza hamwe nuburyo bwo gutwara ibintu bukomeza aho kuba amajwi maremare kandi make, birashobora kuvurwa mubihe bikurikira.

.

.

(3) Ijwi ryo kugongana kutaringaniye, biterwa nigifuniko cyamababi yumuyaga.

Bitatu, impumuro

Amakosa arashobora kandi gucirwaho iteka no gukumirwa no kunuka moteri.Niba habonetse impumuro idasanzwe yo gusiga irangi, ubushyuhe bwimbere bwa moteri buri hejuru cyane, kandi mugihe habonetse paste iremereye cyangwa impumuro yaka, insulasiyo irashobora kuba yaracitse cyangwa umuyaga watwitse.

Bane, gukoraho

Gukora ku bushyuhe bwibice bimwe na bimwe bya moteri birashobora kandi kumenya icyateye amakosa.Kugirango umutekano ubeho, mugihe ukoraho inyuma yukuboko kugirango ukore kumazu ya moteri, ibyuma bikikije igice, iyo bibonetse ubushyuhe budasanzwe, impamvu zishobora kuba zikurikira.

1. Guhumeka nabi.Nka kumena abafana, guhagarika umuyaga uhumeka, nibindi.

2. Kurenza urugero.Itera umuyaga kuba muremure kandi itera tyrone ihindagurika cyane.

3. Inzira ngufi cyangwa ibyiciro bitatu bitaringaniye hagati ya tator.

4. Tangira cyangwa feri kenshi.

5. Niba ubushyuhe bukikije ubwikorezi buri hejuru cyane, birashobora guterwa no kwangirika kwifata cyangwa kubura amavuta.

Umuvuduko uhindagurika

Moteri rusange ya brushless DC ni moteri ya servo, igizwe na moteri ikora hamwe na shoferi, kandi ni moteri yihuta ya moteri.Moteri ya DC itagira amashanyarazi hamwe na voltage ihindagurika ni moteri ya DC idafite amashanyarazi muburyo nyabwo bwijambo, igizwe na styrings na rotor, stalects igizwe numutima wicyuma, naho coil zirimo kuzunguruka hamwe "shun-inverse-reverse-reverse… . ni igihangano gifite akamaro.Iyo nka generator ya DC, ivumburwa rishobora kubyara dc ikoresha hamwe na amplitude ikomeza, bityo ukirinda gukoresha imashini zungurura, rotor irashobora kuba magneti ihoraho, gushimisha guswera cyangwa kwishishanya.Iyo ikoreshejwe nka moteri nini, moteri izabyara ibyiyumvo, 900 kandi birakenewe igikoresho cyo gukingira.

Iterambere ryimbere mu gihugu

Umubare wimiterere ibisobanuro Muri make
0 Igikoresho cyo gukonjesha gihumeka neza mubitangazamakuru bikikije hanyuma bigasubira mubitangazamakuru bikikije (fungura) Ubusa
4 Uburyo bwa mbere bwo gukonjesha buzenguruka mu muzingi ufunze wa moteri kandi bwohereza ubushyuhe mu bitangazamakuru bikikije binyuze hejuru y’uruzitiro, rushobora kuba rworoshye cyangwa urubavu, cyangwa igifuniko kugira ngo ubushyuhe bwiyongere Ubuso bwikigo burakonje
6 Uburyo bwambere bwo gukonjesha buzenguruka mu muzingi ufunze kandi bwohereza ubushyuhe mubitangazamakuru bikikije binyuze muri cooler yo hanze yashyizwe hejuru ya moteri Ubukonje bwo hanze (hamwe nibitangazamakuru bidukikije)
8 Uburyo bwa mbere bwo gukonjesha buzenguruka mu muzingi ufunze kandi bwoherezwa mu ntera ya kure na cooler yo hanze yashyizwe hejuru ya moteri Ubukonje bwo hanze (hamwe nibitangazamakuru bya kure)

Imibare ifatika yerekana ko kwiyongera kwinshi mubisohoka mubicuruzwa rusange, ibindi bikomoka kumurongo wihariye wibicuruzwa bifite moteri nabyo bifite ubwiyongere bukabije, kurugero, moteri yinyeganyeza, moteri ya vibrasi ya moteri, moteri ihindagurika, moteri ya moteri, moteri ya peteroli, moteri yo gutera inshinge. moteri yubukanishi namashanyarazi, moteri ya magnetiki ihoraho, moteri ya AC servo nibindi.Iterambere rishya ryibicuruzwa naryo ryageze ku bisubizo bitangaje.“Ubushyuhe n'ubukonje” Y3 ikurikirana ibyiciro bitatu bya moteri idahwitse yatejwe imbere mugihe cy "Gahunda yimyaka itanu nagatanu" yatsinze isuzuma ryinzobere muri Mata2002 kandi irazamurwa mu gihugu hose.Mubyongeyeho, mubikorwa nyamukuru byakomotse kumurongo ukonje wa silicon yamashanyarazi asimbuza imirimo yo guteza imbere ibicuruzwa nabyo birakomeje, nkibikorwa bya moteri ikora neza cyane, urusaku ruke rwa moteri ya moteri, urusaku ruke rwumuvuduko ukabije wa moteri, IP23 hasi -imodoka ya moteri.

Hamwe n’irushanwa rigenda ryiyongera mu nganda zikora ibinyabiziga, guhuza no kugura hamwe no gushora imari mu nganda nini nini zikora ibinyabiziga bigenda byiyongera, kandi inganda zikomeye zikora ibinyabiziga mu gihugu no mu mahanga zita cyane ku bushakashatsi. ku isoko ryinganda, cyane cyane ubushakashatsi bwimbitse bwibidukikije byiterambere ndetse nuburyo abakiriya bakeneye.Kubera iyo mpamvu, umubare munini w’ibinyabiziga byiza byo mu gihugu no mu mahanga byiyongera vuba, kandi buhoro buhoro biba umuyobozi w’inganda zikora ibinyabiziga.

Impuguke mu nganda zagaragaje ko mu gihe cya “Gahunda y’imyaka itanu n’imyaka itanu”, kubera iterambere ryihuse ry’ubukungu bw’igihugu, umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa bito bito n'ibiciriritse by’amashanyarazi kuruta “Gahunda ya gatanu y’imyaka itanu” byasabye ko ari binini cyane gahunda yo gukura.

Hariho byinshi birenze ibyo.Inganda zahurijwe hamwe byihuse, bito n'ibiciriritse inganda za moteri zihuza umwenda.Hariho amashanyarazi agera ku 2000, manini na mato mu Bushinwa, kandi nubwo umubare w’inganda ari munini, umubare utari muto ni imishinga mito.Impuguke zagaragaje ko kubera umubare munini w’abakora ibicuruzwa, umusaruro munini, bigatuma habaho ubwisanzure hagati y’ibiciro by’isoko ku isoko.Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa ntiburinganiye, guhatanira ibiciro, inyungu zinganda ni nkeya nibindi bintu, byabaye impamvu nyamukuru igira ingaruka ku mibereho niterambere ryimishinga yimodoka.

Moteri ubwayo nigicuruzwa cyibanda cyane ku murimo, ntabwo kigera ku gipimo runaka cy’umusaruro kiragoye kubyara inyungu, bityo inyungu z’inganda ni nto cyane, inganda z’ibinyabiziga zikoresha abantu bagera ku 300.000, mu 2003 inganda zabonye inyungu zingana na miliyoni 280 gusa Yuan.Byumvikane ko no muri bimwe mubigo bikora neza, inyungu nziza ntabwo igera kuri 5%.Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko imishinga mito mito itunganya umusaruro itari hafi, inganda za moteri ziracyafite umubare munini wibicuruzwa byananiranye.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko inganda z’imodoka z’Ubushinwa zavanyweho, ibicuruzwa bito, ibicuruzwa byo gusana n’ibindi bihombo byagereranijwe ku kigereranyo cya 10%, mu gihe ibihugu by’inganda byateye imbere mu nganda z’imodoka muri rusange binanirwa kugera kuri 0.3%.

Mu myaka yashize, inganda z’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa nazo zagaragaye mu bicuruzwa byinshi binini, urwego rw’ibicuruzwa, ubuziranenge bwiza, ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n’ibikoresho.Ariko, ntamuntu ufite umugabane wiganje kumasoko yimbere mu gihugu.Moteri ntoya nini nini ntizigeze zigira uruhare mpuzamahanga mubirango.Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zikeneye byihutirwa kongera guhuzwa, kubaho kwizima, byahindutse iterambere ryinganda zimodoka.Abahanga bagaragaje ko nubwo inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga ari inganda gakondo, ariko ibyiciro byose bifasha moteri ni ngombwa.Byongeye kandi, ibigo bimwe byamashanyarazi bifite ubuso bunini, biherereye ahantu heza, nyuma yo guhuzwa, bizazana uwabiguze inyungu nyinshi nubutunzi bwimari.

Politiki y’ibidukikije

Hindura Ijwi

Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa “Gahunda y’imyaka 12 y’imyaka itanu” y’Inama y’igihugu, Ibitekerezo ku kwihutisha iterambere ry’ingufu zo kubungabunga ingufu n’inganda zita ku bidukikije, na Raporo y’isesengura ku iteganyagihe n’impinduka no kuzamura umusaruro n’isoko ry’Ubushinwa Inganda zikora amashanyarazi, ziyobora umusaruro nogutezimbere ibikoresho bizigama ingufu zikoresha imashini n’amashanyarazi (ibicuruzwa), guhuza ibikorwa nyabyo byo kuzigama no kugabanya ibyuka by’inganda n’itumanaho, kandi birasabwa, gusuzuma impuguke no kumenyekanisha n’inzego zibishinzwe. y'inganda n'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n'inganda zijyanye nabyo ahantu hatandukanye.Cataloge ikubiyemo moderi zose hamwe 344 mubyiciro 9.Muri byo, transformateur moderi 96, moteri yamashanyarazi moderi 59, amashyanyarazi yinganda 21, imashini zo gusudira moderi 77, firigo 43 moderi, compressor 27 yibicuruzwa, imashini ya pulasitike 5 moderi, abafana 13, kuvura ubushyuhe 3.

Ububiko bumaze imyaka itatu uhereye igihe byatangarijwe.Mugihe cyemewe, niba hari udushya twinshi mubuhanga bwibicuruzwa nimpinduka nini mubipimo ngenderwaho, uruganda ruzongera gutangaza.[2]

Kwirinda

Hindura Ijwi

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(2) Hitamo ahantu moteri isenyuka kandi usukure ibidukikije.

(3) Menya ibiranga imiterere ya moteri nibisabwa bya tekiniki yo kubungabunga.

(4) Tegura ibikoresho (harimo ibikoresho kabuhariwe) nibikoresho bikenerwa mugusenyuka.

.Kugirango bigerweho, moteri izaba igeragezwa ryumutwaro, igenzurwa rirambuye ryibice bya moteri yubushyuhe, amajwi, kunyeganyega nibindi bihe, hamwe na voltage yikizamini, ikigezweho, umuvuduko, nibindi, hanyuma igahagarika umutwaro, igenzura ryubusa ryubusa. ikizamini, upimye ubusa nubusa gutakaza imitwaro, kora inyandiko nziza.

(6) Hagarika amashanyarazi, ukureho insinga zo hanze ya moteri, hanyuma ukore inyandiko nziza.

(7) Gerageza moteri irwanya moteri hamwe na metero ya meE hamwe na voltage iburyo.Kugirango ugereranye indangagaciro zo kurwanya insulasi zapimwe kuri serivisi iheruka kugirango hamenyekane imigendekere yimodoka ya moteri hamwe n’imiterere y’imiterere, indangagaciro zo kurwanya insulasi zapimwe ku bushyuhe butandukanye zigomba guhindurwa ku bushyuhe bumwe, muri rusange kuri 75degree C.

.Kugirango ugereranye namakuru yabanjirije iyi, igipimo cyo kwinjiza gipimirwa ku bushyuhe ubwo aribwo bwose gihinduka ku bushyuhe bumwe.

 


Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-04-2021