Mugihe isi yitegura kureka ingufu za lisansi kumashanyarazi, reka turebe vuba kuri moto nziza zamashanyarazi nziza kwisi
Ibi byanze bikunze kandi bidasubirwaho.Nta gusubira inyuma.Inzibacyuho kuva moteri yimbere yaka amashanyarazi yuzuye iragenda neza, kandi umuvuduko witerambere rya bateri na moteri yamashanyarazi wihuse mumyaka mike ishize.Amapikipiki y'amashanyarazi ubu ageze aho azahita ahinduka isoko rusange ishoboka kumashini gakondo.Kugeza ubu, amasosiyete mato, yigenga yagiye ayobora iterambere ry’amashanyarazi abiri, ariko kubera amikoro make, ntabwo yashoboye kuzamuka ku rugero runini.Ariko, ibyo byose bizahinduka.
Raporo irambuye y’ubushakashatsi ku isoko iherutse gushyirwa ahagaragara na P&S Intelligence, isoko ry’amapikipiki y’amashanyarazi ku isi biteganijwe ko rizava kuri miliyari 5.9 z’amadolari y’Amerika muri 2019 rikagera kuri miliyari 10.53 z’amadolari ya Amerika mu 2025. Guteza imbere ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi, inganda nini amaherezo zemera ko zikeneye guhindukira zikoresha amashanyarazi ibinyabiziga kandi bitangira kwitegura impinduka zikomeye ziri imbere.Muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, Honda, Yamaha, Piaggio, na KTM batangaje ko hashyizweho ihuriro ry’amashanyarazi asimburwa.Intego yavuzwe ni uguhuza ibisobanuro bya tekiniki ya sisitemu isimburwa na batiri isimburwa n’amashanyarazi abiri y’ibinyabiziga, biteganijwe ko azagabanya ibiciro byiterambere, agakemura ibibazo byubuzima bwa bateri nigihe cyo kwishyuza, hanyuma amaherezo agashishikarizwa kwaguka kwamagare y’amashanyarazi.
Mu myaka 10 ishize, iterambere ry’ibimoteri na moto byateye imbere mu turere dutandukanye mu buryo butandukanye, bijyanye n’amabwiriza n’ibisabwa.Kurugero, mubuhinde, bihendutse, byaguzwe nabashinwa, ibimoteri bifite ubuziranenge buke byakoreshejwe hashize imyaka irenga icumi.Bafite ingendo ntoya kandi bakora nabi.Ubu ibintu byifashe neza.Bamwe mubakora ibikoresho byumwimerere byaho batanze ubuziranenge bwo gukora, bateri nini na moteri ikomeye yamashanyarazi.Urebye imbogamizi nke cyane zo kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo hano, intera n'imikorere itangwa nizi mashini biracyahenze cyane (ugereranije na moto gakondo) kandi ntibikwiriye rwose kuri bose.Ariko, ugomba gutangirira ahantu runaka.Ibigo nka Tata Power, EESL, Magenta, Fortum, TecSo, Volttic, NTPC na Ather birakora cyane mu kubaka no kwagura ibikorwa remezo bishyuza amashanyarazi mu Buhinde.
Ku isoko ry’iburengerazuba, benshi muribo bashizeho umuyoboro ukomeye wo kwishyuza, kandi moto ni nyinshi mu myidagaduro kuruta kugenda mu bwikorezi.Kubwibyo, intumbero yamye yibanze kumyandikire, imbaraga nibikorwa.Amagare amwe mumashanyarazi muri Amerika no muburayi ubu ni meza rwose, hamwe nibisobanuro bigereranywa nimashini gakondo, cyane cyane mugihe igiciro nacyo cyitaweho.Kugeza ubu, moteri ya lisansi GSX-R1000, ZX-10R cyangwa Fireblade iracyari ntagereranywa mu bijyanye no guhuza neza urwego, ingufu, imikorere, igiciro n’ibikorwa, ariko biteganijwe ko ibintu bizahinduka mu myaka itatu cyangwa itanu iri imbere .Imikorere irenze iyayibanjirije ya moteri ya IC.Mugihe kimwe, reka turebe vuba kuri moto nziza zamashanyarazi nziza kurubu ku isoko ryisi.
Icyitegererezo cyo mu rwego rwa gare ya Damon Hypersport y’amagare ya siporo y’amashanyarazi, cyashyizwe ahagaragara muri CES i Las Vegas umwaka ushize, gitangirira ku madolari 16,995 (miliyoni 1.23.6), naho moderi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru irashobora kugera ku madorari 39,995 ( Amafaranga 2.91).Sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ya "HyperDrive" yo hejuru ya Hypersport Premier ifite ibikoresho bya batiri 20kWh na moteri ikonjesha amazi ishobora kubyara 150kW (200bhp) na 235Nm ya tque.Iyi gare irashobora kwihuta kuva kuri zeru kugeza 100 km / h mugihe kitarenze amasegonda atatu, kandi isaba umuvuduko wo hejuru wa 320 km / h, mubyukuri biratangaje niba arukuri.Ukoresheje amashanyarazi yihuta ya DC, bateri ya Hypersport irashobora kwishyurwa 90% mumasaha 2.5 gusa, kandi bateri yuzuye irashobora gukora ibirometero 320 mumujyi uvanze numuhanda.
Nubwo amagare amwe yamashanyarazi asa nkaho atuje kandi ateye isoni, umubiri wa Damon Hypersport wubatswe neza ukoresheje ukuboko kwa rocker kuruhande rumwe, bikaba byibutsa gato Ducati Panigale V4.Kimwe na Panigale, Hypersport ifite imiterere ya monocoque, guhagarika Ohlins na feri ya Brembo.Mubyongeyeho, igikoresho cyamashanyarazi nigice cyikoreye imitwaro yikintu, gifasha kongera ubukana no kugabanya uburemere.Mu buryo butandukanye n’amagare gakondo, imashini ya Damon ikoresha igishushanyo mbonera cya ergonomic (pedal na handbars zikoreshwa mumijyi no mumihanda nyabagendwa biherereye ukundi), sisitemu ya dogere 360 ​​yo guhanura ukoresheje kamera imbere ninyuma, hamwe na radar ya kamera ya kure kugirango iburire abatwara ibyago bishobora guteza akaga. Ibihe bibi byumuhanda.Mubyukuri, hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya kamera na radar, Damon ikorera i Vancouver irateganya kugera ku kwirinda impanuka zuzuye mu 2030, ibyo bikaba ari ibyo gushimwa.
Honda nisosiyete ifite gahunda nini yimodoka nini yamashanyarazi mubushinwa.Yagaragaje ko Energica ifite icyicaro i Modena, mu Butaliyani, kandi mu buryo butandukanye no gusubiramo, amagare y’amashanyarazi ya Ego aboneka mu myaka irindwi cyangwa umunani, kandi ahora atezimbere ibisobanuro n'imikorere.Ibisobanuro 2021 Ego + RS ifite bateri ya 21.5kWh ya litiro polymer, ishobora kwishyurwa byuzuye mugihe cyisaha 1 ukoresheje amashanyarazi yihuta ya DC.Batare iha imbaraga igare ryakonjesheje amavuta ya moteri ihoraho ya AC, ishobora kubyara 107kW (145bhp) na 215Nm yumuriro, bigatuma Ego + yihuta kuva kuri zeru ikagera kuri 100kph mumasegonda 2.6 kandi ikagera kumuvuduko ntarengwa wa 240kph.Mu mihanda yo mumijyi, intera ni kilometero 400, naho mumihanda ni kilometero 180.
Ego + RS ifite ibyuma bya trellis ya tubular, icyuma cya Marzocchi gishobora guhindurwa neza imbere, monoshock ya Bitubo inyuma, na feri ya Brembo hamwe na ABS ishobora guhinduka kuva Bosch.Mubyongeyeho, hari urwego 6 rwo kugenzura gukurura, kugenzura ubwato, guhuza Bluetooth na terefone, hamwe nibikoresho bya TFT byamabara hamwe na GPS yakira.Energica nisosiyete yubururu yukuri yubutaliyani, kandi Ego + ni ipikipiki ikwiye cyane ikora moto ikora amashanyarazi aho kuba V4 yihuta.Igiciro ni 25.894 euro (amafaranga 2.291.000), nayo ahenze cyane, kandi bitandukanye na Harley LiveWire, ntabwo ifite umuyoboro mugari wogucuruza nyuma yo kugurisha na serivisi.Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Energica Ego + RS ntagushidikanya ko ari ibicuruzwa bifite amashanyarazi meza kandi byuburyo bwa gare ya siporo yo mubutaliyani.
Zero ifite icyicaro i Californiya kandi yashinzwe mu 2006 ikaba imaze imyaka icumi ikora moto z'amashanyarazi.Mu 2021, isosiyete yashyize ahagaragara umurongo wo hejuru wa SR / S ikoreshwa na sisitemu y’amashanyarazi ya Zeroo nyirizina “Z-Force”, maze ifata chassis yoroheje kandi ikomeye ikozwe muri aluminium yo mu rwego rwo mu kirere kugira ngo igabanye ibiro.Moto ya mbere yuzuye ya moto yamashanyarazi SR / S nayo ifite ibikoresho bya sisitemu yo gukora ya Cypher III yisosiyete, bituma uyigenderaho agena sisitemu nibisohoka byamashanyarazi akurikije ibyo akunda, bityo bikamufasha gucunga neza igare.Zero yavuze ko uburemere bwa SR / S ari kg 234, buterwa no gushushanya icyogajuru kandi bukaba bufite imiterere igezweho mu kirere, bityo bikongera umuvuduko w'amagare.Igiciro ni amadolari ya Amerika 22.000 (miliyoni 1.6).SR / S ikoreshwa na moteri ihoraho ya moteri ya AC, ishobora kubyara 82kW (110bhp) na 190Nm ya tque, bigatuma igare ryihuta kuva kuri zeru kugeza kuri 100kph mumasegonda 3.3 gusa, kandi rifite umuvuduko wo hejuru Kugera kumasaha 200.Urashobora gutwara ibirometero bigera kuri 260 mumujyi no muri kilometero 160 kumuhanda;nkigare ryamashanyarazi yose, gukandagira kuri moteri bizagabanya mileage, bityo umuvuduko nikintu kigena intera ushobora gukora hejuru ya zeru.
Zeru ni imwe mu masosiyete make akora amapikipiki atandukanye y'amashanyarazi yose, atanga urwego rutandukanye rw'imbaraga n'imikorere.Amagare yo mu rwego rwo kwinjira atangirira ku madorari y'Abanyamerika 9.200 (amafaranga 669.000), ariko aracyahenze cyane.Urwego rwubwubatsi.Niba mugihe kiri imbere, hari uruganda rukora amagare rwamashanyarazi rushobora kwinjira mumasoko yu Buhinde, birashoboka ko ari zeru.
Niba intego ya Harley LiveWire ari uguhinduka moto yamashanyarazi abantu benshi bashobora kugura, noneho Arc Vector iri kurundi ruhande.Igiciro cya Vector ni 90.000 pound (miliyoni 9.273), igiciro cyacyo kirenze inshuro enye icya LiveWire, kandi umusaruro wacyo ubu ugarukira kuri 399.Arc ikorera mu Bwongereza yatangije Vector mu imurikagurisha rya EICMA ryabereye i Milan mu 2018, ariko nyuma isosiyete ihura n’ibibazo by’amafaranga.Icyakora, uwashinze iyi sosiyete akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru, Mark Truman (wahoze ayoboye itsinda rya “Skunk Factory” rya Jaguar Land Rover ashinzwe gushyiraho ibitekerezo bigezweho ku modoka y’ejo hazaza) yashoboye gukiza Arc, none ibintu bisubiye mu murongo.
Arc Vector ikwiranye nigare ryamashanyarazi rihenze.Ifata karubone fibre monocoque, ishobora kugabanya uburemere bwimashini kugera kuri kg 220.Imbere, ikibanza cyambere cyimbere cyarahebwe, kandi ukuboko kwimbere ninyuma ya swing hagati yibiziga byakoreshejwe mugutezimbere kugenda no gufata neza.Ibi, bifatanije nuburyo bukomeye bwigare no gukoresha ibyuma bihenze (aluminium yo mu kirere na aluminium umuringa), bituma Vector isa neza cyane.Mubyongeyeho, urunigi rutanga inzira kuri sisitemu igoye yo gukandagira kugirango igere ku mikorere yoroshye no kugabanya imirimo yo kubungabunga.
Ku bijyanye n’imikorere, Vector ikoreshwa na moteri y’amashanyarazi 399V, ishobora kubyara 99kW (133bhp) na 148Nm ya tque.Hamwe nibi, igare rirashobora kwihuta kuva kuri zeru kugeza kuri 100kph mumasegonda 3.2 kandi rikagera kumuvuduko wo hejuru wa elegitoronike umuvuduko wa 200kph.Vector ya 16.8kWh ipaki ya batiri ya Samsung irashobora kwishyurwa byuzuye muminota 40 gusa ukoresheje amashanyarazi yihuta ya DC kandi ifite urugendo rwa kilometero 430.Kimwe na moto igezweho ikora cyane ya moteri ikoreshwa na lisansi, Vector yamashanyarazi nayo ifite ibikoresho bya ABS, kugenzura gukurura gukurura no kugendana, ndetse no kwerekana umutwe (kugirango byoroshye kubona amakuru yimodoka) na terefone ifite ubwenge- nka tactile yo kumenyesha sisitemu, izana ibihe bishya byo gutwara uburambe.Ntabwo nteze kubona Arc Vector mubuhinde vuba aha, ariko iyi gare iratwereka icyo dushobora gutegereza mumyaka itanu cyangwa itandatu iri imbere.
Kugeza ubu, amapikipiki y’amashanyarazi mu Buhinde ntabwo ateye inkunga cyane.Kutamenya ubushobozi bwamagare yumuriro wamashanyarazi, kubura ibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza, hamwe no guhangayika kurwego ni zimwe mumpamvu zitera ubukene buke.Bitewe nubushake buke, ibigo bike byiteguye gushora imari nini mugutezimbere, kubyara no kwamamaza moto zamashanyarazi.Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na ResearchandMarkets.com bubitangaza, umwaka ushize isoko ry’amashanyarazi y’ibiziga by’amashanyarazi ry’ibinyabiziga byari ibinyabiziga bigera ku 150.000 kandi biteganijwe ko biziyongera 25% umwaka ushize mu myaka itanu iri imbere.Kugeza ubu, isoko ryiganjemo ibimoteri bihendutse hamwe n’amagare bifite bateri ya aside irike ihendutse cyane.Ariko, biteganijwe ko amagare ahenze azagaragara mumyaka mike iri imbere, afite bateri zikomeye za lithium-ion (zitanga ingendo nini).
Abakinnyi bakomeye mumagare yamashanyarazi / scooter mubuhinde harimo Bajaj, Intwari yamashanyarazi, TVS, Revolt, Tork Motors, Ather na Ultraviolette.Izi sosiyete zitanga urukurikirane rw’ibimoteri n’amapikipiki bigurwa hagati y’amafaranga 50.000 na 300.000, kandi bitanga imikorere mito yo hagati, ibyo bikaba bimwe bishobora kugereranywa nurwego rwimikorere itangwa namagare gakondo 250-300cc.Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko tuzi ubushobozi bw'ejo hazaza amashanyarazi abiri ashobora gutanga mu Buhinde mu gihe giciriritse, andi masosiyete amwe n'amwe arashaka kuyitabira.Biteganijwe ko Intwari MotoCorp izatangira gukora amagare y’amashanyarazi mu 2022, Classic Legends ya Mahindra irashobora gukora amagare y’amashanyarazi munsi y’ibirango bya Jawa, Yezdi cyangwa BSA, kandi Honda, KTM na Husqvarna bashobora kuba abandi bahanganye bashaka kwinjira mu murima w’amagare y’amashanyarazi mu Buhinde, nubwo bo Nta tangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara muri urwo rwego.
Nubwo Ultraviolette F77 (igiciro cyamafaranga 300.000) isa nkiyigezweho kandi nziza kandi itanga imikorere yimikino ikwiye, izindi moteri zibiri zamashanyarazi ziboneka muri iki gihe mubuhinde zishingiye gusa kubikorwa kandi ntizifite ubushake bwo gukora cyane.Ibi birashobora guhinduka mumyaka mike iri imbere, ariko haracyari kurebwa ninde uyobora icyerekezo nuburyo isoko ryamagare ryamashanyarazi rizamera mubuhinde.